Hola de nuevo, hacia tiempo que no aparecia por aqui, y aqui estoy de nuevo.

La verdad es que desde que se empezaron a emitir los capítulos de la tercera temporada de LOST, ninguno de ellos me ha inducido a teorizar de nuevo sobre esta increible serie, a pesar de las “sorpresas” que nos hemos encontrado en los 7 capitulos anteriores, no veia ningun motivo para hacerlo.

En este si, aqui hay tema, creo …

La verdad es que hacia un par de semanas que estaba pensando en el tema, desde que, por casualidad?, repasando los videos que tenia de la serie me tope con un archivo en flash que habia capturado y que aparecio en el juego “THE LOST EXPERIENCE”, relativo a la ecuacion de ENZO VALENZETTI y el significado de >los numeros (4815162342), aqui se habla de la supuesta relacion de Enzo Valenzetti con 3 famosos personajes:

Kurt Gödel

Ingreso en la Universidad de Viena en 1924, en 1930 se doctoro en Matematicas, viajo a los Estados Unidos dando un ciclo de conferencias y se encontro por primera vez con Einstein en 1933, Se caso con Adele Porkert en 1938 y decidieron trasladarse definitivamente a los Estados Unidos en 1940, para pasar el resto de su vida en Princeton, New Jersey… Alli llego a ser un gran amigo de Einstein, trabajaron juntos los aspectos filosoficos y matematicos de la Teoria General de la Relatividad, se ocupo de la cosmologia

Autor del Teorema de la incompletud de Gödel.

Fue doctor honorario en Ciencias por Harvard en 1952 con una mencion que lo llamo “el descubridor de la verdad matematica mas significativa del siglo“

Murio de “desnutricion e inanicion”, el 14 de enero de 1978, en Princeton, cuando pesaba 30 kg, como resultado, segun su certificado de defuncion, de un “trastorno de la personalidad”.

Albert Einstein

(14.03.1879 - 18.04.1955)

Si voy a mi oficina es unicamente para tener el privilegio de volver luego a casa paseando con Gödel
Albert Einstein

Einstein abandono Alemania en 1933 con destino a Estados Unidos, donde se instalo en el Instituto de Estudios Avanzados dePrinceton y se nacionalizo estadounidense en 1940. Durante sus ultimos años Einstein trabajo por integrar en una misma teoria las cuatro Fuerzas Fundamentales: gravedad, fuerza nuclear fuerte, fuerza nuclear debil y la fuerza electromagnetica, tarea aun inconclusa. Se cuenta que cuando Einstein murio, en su pizarra estaban las ecuaciones aun sin concluir para integrar dichas fuerzas. Einstein murio en Princeton, New Jersey, el 18 de abril de 1955.

Jhon Forbes Nash

(13.06.1928 - Actualmente imparte clases de matematicas)

En 1948 acepto una beca de la Universidad de Princeton, New Jersey, para realizar sus estudios de doctorado en Matematicas (con 20 años!!!). La carta de recomendacion escrita por su profesor R.J. Duffin tenia solo una linea: “Este hombre es un genio

Invento un juego matematicamente perfecto, en el cual se basa el actual Hex curioso juego por cierto. El hex es un juego entre dos personas que van colocando por turnos fichas sobre un tablero hexagonal (generalmente de 10 por 10, 11 por 11 hexagonos, o mayores tamaños). Las fichas se distinguen por su color, asociandose uno a cada jugador, y gana quien consigue formar una linea de sus fichas que conecte dos laterales opuestos del tablero previamente asignados, pero lo curioso es esto:

“Generalmente se añade una regla adicional para contrarrestar la ventaja que supone el mover en primer lugar. Consiste en que el segundo jugador en mover puede decidir en ese turno intercambiar los colores o no. Si los intercambia, el primer jugador vuelve a mover pero ahora con los nuevos colores; si no, la partida continua normalmente. Solo es posible decidir el intercambio de colores en ese turno.

Diagrama de un tablero de hex de tamaño 11×11 con una partida terminada. Las negras han formado una linea que conecta sus laterales y ganan.

>Creia que era perseguido por criptocomunistas. En los años siguientes estaria hospitalizado en varias ocasiones por periodos de cinco a ocho meses en centros psiquiatricos de Nueva Jersey.

Se ha rodado una pelicula basada en la novela de Sylvia Nasar, Una mente maravillosa (A beautiful mind), estrenada en el año 2001, interpretada por Russell Crowe y dirigida por Ron Howard. Esta gano cuatro premios Oscar, incluyendo la categoria de mejor pelicula. La pelicula se basa en la biografia de Nash escrita por Sylvia Nasar (1999), centrandose principalmente en la esquizofrenia que sufria Nash.

*** DESCANSO ***

Ahora viene lo bueno …

A simple vista, la relacion es clara: todos los genios acaban mal del coco y se conocen en … PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY ????…

Ahora toca hablar de un señor que acabo de conocer y se llama Hugh Everett III

Como se que controlais muy bien el ingles aqui esta la historia de este señor:

Hugh Everett III (November 11, 1930 - July 19, 1982) was an American physicist who first proposed the many-worlds interpretation of quantum physics, which he called his “relative state” formulation. He left physics after completing his Ph. D., discouraged at the lack of response to his theories from other physicists. He developed the use of generalized lagrange multipliers in operations research and applied this commercially as a defense analyst and a consultant, becoming a multi-millionaire. He was married to Nancy Everett, with a two children, Mark Oliver Everett and Elizabeth Everett.

Biography

Everett was born in Maryland and raised in the Washington, D.C. area. After World War II, Everett’s father was stationed in West Germany, and Hugh visited Leipzig in East Germany in 1949. He graduated from The Catholic University of America in 1953 in chemical engineering, and then received a National Science Foundation fellowship that allowed him to attend Princeton University. He started his studies at Princeton (New Jersey???)in the Mathematics Department working on the then-new field of game theory (RECOMIENDO ENCARECIDAMENTE LEER ESTE ENLACE), seguro que alguno de vosotros ve otra posible via para teorizar ***pista: Equilibrio de Nash***) but slowly drifted into physics. In 1953 he started taking his first physics courses, notably Introductory Quantum Mechanics with Robert Dicke.

For his second term at Princeton, starting in 1954, he moved into the Physics Department. His main course that year was Methods of Mathematical Physics with Eugene Wigner, although he stayed active in math and presented a paper on military game theory in December. He passed his general exams in the spring of 1955, thereby gaining his Master’s degree, and then started work on his dissertation that would (much) later make him famous. He switched thesis advisors to John Wheeler some time in 1955, completed his paper in January 1956 as The Theory of the Universal Wave Function, and eventually defended his thesis after some delay in the spring of 1957. A short article summarising his relative state interpretation appeared in Reviews of Modern Physics Vol 29 #3 454-462, (July 1957), accompanied by a supportive review by Wheeler. The physics world took little note.

Upon graduation in September 1956, Everett was invited to join the Pentagon’s newly-forming Weapons Systems Evaluation Group (WSEG), run by the Institute for Defense Analyses. He was soon sent to Sandia National Laboratories to learn about nuclear weapons and became a fan of computer modelling while there. In 1957 he became director of the WSEG’s Department of Physical and Mathematical Sciences. However, Everett soon had to leave work at WSEG to return to Princeton for his thesis defence. When he returned to WSEG he immediately recommenced his research, most of which remains classified. It is known that he worked on various studies of the Minuteman missile project, which was then starting, as well as The Distribution and Effects of Fallout in Large Nuclear Weapon Campaigns.

During March and April 1959, at Wheeler’s request, Everett visited Copenhagen in order to meet with Niels Bohr, considered to be the “father of quantum mechanics”. Bohr was unimpressed, and refused to take Everett’s ideas very seriously. Everett was crestfallen, but while in his hotel he started work on a new idea to use Lagrange multipliers for optimization that would later lead to financial success.

In August 1964 the Defense Research Corporation (DRC) spun off the Lambda Division to apply military modelling solutions to various civilian problems. Everett left the WSEG and became the head of the new Division, along with a million dollar budget. The next year they took the division public as Lambda Corporation, a think tank that returned primarily to military research. After three years he stepped down as president in order to focus on research, as by this point the company was growing so rapidly that administration duties were interfering. In the early 1970s the defense budgets were curtailed and most money went to operational duties in the Vietnam War, leading to Lambda eventually being re-purchased by the DRC, now known as General Research Corp.

In 1973 Everett left Lambda to form DBS Corporation in Arlington, Virginia, a computer consulting firm. Much of their work appears to have been in statistical analysis. He appears to have enjoyed programming, and spent the rest of his life working at DBS. He also opened Monowave Corporation with several DBS and family friends.

In 1970 Bryce DeWitt wrote an article for Physics Today on Everett’s relative-state theory. This time the physics world seemed much more interested, and a flood of letters followed. Meanwhile Bryce DeWitt, who had corresponded with Everett on the many-worlds (DeWitt’s phrase) / relative state interpretation when originally published in 1957, started editing an anthology on interpretations of quantum gathered from over 500 papers. >The book was published late in 1973, and it was not long before an article on Everett’s work appeared in the science fiction magazine, Analog. In 1977 he was invited to give a talk at a meeting Wheeler arranged at Wheeler’s new location at the University of Texas at Austin, where Everett was the star of the show and continually surrounded by a throng of “groupie” students. As his fame grew, Wheeler eventually started the process of returning Everett to a physics career by setting up a new research institute in California, but nothing came of this proposal.

Everett died suddenly at home on July 19 1982 of a heart attack at the age of only 51. His constant chain-smoking and heavy drinking likely had something to do with this, although he was outwardly healthy at the time. Currently, of the companies Everett founded, only Monowave Corporation still exists (now in Seattle) and is still run by Elaine Tsiang.

Everett’s daughter, Elizabeth, suffered from schizophrenia and committed suicide in 1996, and in 1998, his wife, Nancy, died of cancer. Everett’s son, Mark Oliver Everett, is also known as “E”, the lead singer of the band Eels, which dealt with these family deaths, especially in the album Electro-Shock Blues.

Many-Worlds References
Hugh Everett, “Relative State Formulation of Quantum Mechanics”, Reviews of Modern Physics vol 29, (1957) pp 454-462.
Hugh Everett III “The Theory of the Universal Wavefunction”, Manuscript (1955), pp 3-140 of Bryce DeWitt, R. Neill Graham, eds, The Many-Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics, Princeton Series in Physics, Princeton University Press (1973), ISBN 0-691-08131-X The original and most comprehensive paper on many-worlds. Investigates and recasts the foundations of quantum theory in information theoretic terms, before moving on to consider the nature of interactions, observation, entropy, irreversible processes, classical objects etc.
John Archibald Wheeler, Assessment of Everett’s “Relative State Formulation of Quantum Theory”, Reviews of Modern Physics, vol 29, (1957) pp 463-465

Operations Research References
Hugh Everett III, “Generalized Lagrange Multiplier Method For Solving Problems of Optimum Allocation of Resources”, Operations Research, vol 11, (1963), pp 399-417
Hugh Everett III, George E Pugh, “The Distribution and Effects of Fallout in Large Nuclear-Weapon Campaigns”, Operations Research, vol. 7, (1959), pp. 226-248

Hugh Everett. Answers.com. Wikipedia, Wikipedia, 2007. http://www.answers.com/topic/hugh-everett, accessed February 18, 2007.

*** DESCANSO***

Despues de esta broma pesada (que en fondo no lo es, si leeis con atencion), estamos llegando a donde queriamos llegar:

Y donde queriamos llegar era precisamente a explicar que narices le esta pasando a DESMOND y a todos los habitantes de esa ISLA o lo que sea.

esta es mi TEORIA, o mejor dicho la del Sr Everett:

Una de las teorias cientificas mas curiosas que ha provocado la mecanica cuantica es la Interpretacion de los Mundos Multiples (IMM). Al parecer la fisica cuantica propicia, debido a la incertidumbre inherente al colapso del paquete (quantum) de ondas de una particula, la existencia de multiples universos, tantos como opciones existan en las distintas funciones de los mencionados paquetes de ondas. La “peculiaridad” de los procesos cuanticos permite asumir que “todas” las opciones posibles de las referidas funciones de los paquetes de ondas se realizan, creando tantas realidades distintas, o universos, como opciones. Lo que ocurre es que nosotros, observadores del nivel macroscopico, nos hallamos constreñidos a percibir/vivir uno solo de esos universos. Esta extraña propiedad de la mecanica cuantica lleva al fisico Hugh Everett III a formular, en 1957, la Interpretacion de los Mundos Multiples:

many-worlds interpretation

(para los que controlen el ingles, como CEDE )

o

Teoria de los universos multiples de Everett

The quantum-mechanical “Schrödinger’s cat” paradox according to the many-worlds interpretation. In this interpretation every event is a branch point; the cat is both alive and dead, even before the box is opened, but the “alive” and “dead” cats are in different branches of the universe, both of which are equally real, but which cannot interact with each other.

Vision de un artista de un agujero negro con disco de acrecion.

Se ha apuntado que algunas soluciones exactas de las ecuación del campo de Einstein pueden extenderse por continuación analítica más allá de las singularidades dando lugar universos espejos del nuestro. Así la solución de Schwarzschild para un universo con simetría esférica en el que la estrella central ha colapsado comprimiéndose por debajo de su radio de Schwarzschild podría ser continuada analíticamente a una solución de agujero blanco (un agujero blanco de Schwarzchild se comporta como la reversión temporal de un agujero negro de Schwarzschild). La solución completa describe dos universos asintóticamente planos unidos por una zona de agujero negro (interior del horizonte de sucesos). Dos viajeros de dos universos espejos, podrían encontrarse, pero sólo en el interior del horizonte de sucesos, por lo que nunca podrían salir de allí.

Una posibilidad igualmente interesante es la solución de agujero negro de Kerr que puede ser continuada analíticamente a través de una singularidad espacial evitable por un viajero. A diferencia de la solución completa de Schwarzchild, la solución de este problema da como posibilidad la comunicación de los dos universos sin tener que pasar por los correspondientes horizontes de sucesos través de una zona llamada ergosfera.

cual es vuestra TEORIA?

Saludos y gracias por vuestra paciencia.

Tietgale,